Volume 3 - Issue 2: December 2005

Creating on site history activities for school children; an action research project

Download
42 min read

Abstract: This paper is reporting an Action Research project conducted by the author. It is describing the process that went on in the creation of teaching and learning materials to be used by students on school visits to Maltese historical sites. The teaching approach behind the main objectives of the teaching resources was based on “New History” methods, that is, they target specific history skills and concepts rather than mere factual information.

Unfortunately until recently, museums and places of historic interest in Malta did not cater for school children. There have been several innovations as far as tourist guides, pamphlets, DVDs and video recordings of historical sites are concerned but more often than not these are not appropriate for secondary and primary school children. This paper describes the several stages and various objectives behind the development of on site educational teaching history materials.

‘yosanne-vella’


                      !”

      

 

 # $## 

 %#&’ ()&* (#+&* (+&#,##% (     +        ++     +     #’   .      . / /  +   +  +  %#  #0###     + # +    +#0###    +  #  + 1   +   +          +          /  1+ + /+  +   .      2 +    #  + +  .     

. .         . + 3    +   + / .    + 4  + 5 /1+   /+    #++   1     . .   1  4 + /  +  / .+     6 +. +   + /#+  .   +7-     4 ’ 8 + 4)   # 



   

  /        +      +   /   5 1/  

. 1       / &    %  9: ;  )   9::<=<;

)    9::>=9: ;  +9::9(+ 1    + /   

      +   1 + +   +.     +   

 +#8+ . .   +.   + 1     + /    /

      +  +  1         +     # 8+   

+         +.   .    +   ? 

2.  //   ”  + 1    +    

1 + +  +    +             + .   5 / 

   /  /+  /# ,+    /       + /+ + .+  

 

  

          

        

  



8+ . .   .   /  )   @  + . 3      +

 + #!    / +.   + 1    +     + /

    /             +         

+     # 8+  + / .. + +  +    3    +

 + /  1   A”1’ A +   +   + / 

.+  5   .  + +        #



             .    +      

      + + #8++       

    / . .+ 7     /  +  

              +   +    .. .   

    .  +  + #  8+ . .    +  

/      3  +  + .       

 + /+    #

> B        @  + 7 =<” #

/+ +.       +    .. .       

     .. .  . .. #&7 =<(



   

8+ 1     /  .         +    +#  !     

..     / + 3    + . 3   +   ”     

  ”C &   ”  4          C/   (

1+!2.   + !  +       +     1++ 

      /                 + /

  1++    +    #’     1++  +  

.   3           ’        +   1  

.#  C  +  ..  1  .  ! .. + ’ /      4 

  /    1++     + /      +         

  /  1 + 1+       !   1 5  1+  

  #  “2  !           /  .    +   #

8 + /     /     .   + .  / .        

+  + .  /    #  8+      6        .    

.     /       5     1        

  5   1++        #  8+  !    +

.  /. !+ 1  1++1   1 +    +

    +        ..    +   /   #



    

 3    +  . 3  1      + /    +       

 1+    +          1 .  +  #8+ 

 + /  1  5 +  =

9# 8 +4   5  + 1 +        #  8+   +   5 

1        .      +    /        

   #

# , 5 + D’      / .   5          

    #  %      1  /  1 /       +  

  /1   #

<# !   + 1 .     .               . 

       +   +  #8+    +   

-     +   + #

>#    / 5 #)  / 2.  /        

/ .   .    .  .   +    / 

    +#

#    1 5    1++        /      5 / 

.   /#

#   /   +  /     +/   +  +  #



8+      .    1 5 1+ +    2+ /  #   

1 5 /    / .    + . 4 5  ..   + 1  + 5 /  +

1   +    + +      /  #  C   +      /

      /    .    .  +    +  5 / .  

   /#  8+ .     +  +          5  1 

      + 5 /1+ 7/ 5  4  + 5 /4#8+.+  

 5 .  /    /   + .    +  1         

+   +     +   1++  /+  .   

 B        @  + 7 =<” #

  / .  &7  9(#  ! +        +    +   +  

1++ ..   + 1&.9:E<;@ / 9::;1   , /  9::>;

 5 *   , + 9::E( +  + /   / .1 5 

/      / .     + /    /   +  #



!  + .     +   + / .. +     +   + /    +

.   + +    .  ; +1  /  +   + + 

 + /       /       #!    1 + +

41+ 4   +  + 4+ 14   +#  ’ 1 +  + / .. + 5 1  

A”1 ’ A 1++ +  .    +/+         

.+ .+#  ,+   5  +   + /  +          

.. +   +   +    ++      A”1’ A   

         . +  + 5 / 5  1+  @#%  B  

   5 9:F<  +   + / +  + A   .+     

   +.      /A#&B  9:F<=9>(



8+   +  + / .. ++  +   3    +  + /  !

.    #  8+   3   1  /  . +  5  

 .  + +        #8++  5 !.     

 /  +  1; )         8

! .  D2 .         ?  + /     

. + ,  / 5  + #%  . / /  !  +  + 

    +  /      +  + 5 / 5    .   + +  

5 1/#% / / /    .1 + + 1  .  /  /

+  /   +  .    ! 1  + . /      2  

   / A + 4     4 1++ .        

   2      /       #A &% /  +    

<=9( +       +     #



  +  .    +     +  . 3  ! +  .   .  

     +   1++1     + #, 5  +   

+ . 3      .  <  +    1   .    B  

1 +          +    5.   /    

#



8+   +  +  .  1  +         + . 3 # )  + 

      4    ”    1++ .    + 

A)     + +      +     . #A

&    9:::=E (8+  + 1   +        1+ 

B  ” &9:EE(    A  -  .   .  /   /   /

  /  -.  /A &” 9:E=F(#  )     +      

     +  + +  1+    +   +  +  

.   1 +.+         #8+  +  +  +

1   ..     !1   +  +     +  +

.                .. + 1++ 1   /

/ +   +    .  #   1   

.  1+   /          .   

 +. 3 /  1  B +  4        +.  

   +      /  +  + /        #! 

  B        @  + 7 =<” #

   +      +      / +  . 3  +  +   1 /  

& 9::9=F9(=



 !   !  /!   !    ↓↓↓↓ ^  @   &    /G   (

 

↓↓↓↓ ^  0      )   . 9   )   .    )   . <     !. )   . 9   !.  G  

 

↓↓↓↓ ^  @ 0  !  ↓↓↓↓ )  

@  2.      .   (



)   . 9

  )   .     )   . < !.  2 )    . 

 

↓↓↓↓ (^)     !.  G     ↓↓↓↓ (^)   @  &2.     .   (   ↓↓↓↓ (^)   0      )   . 9   )   .    )   . <   0      ↓↓↓↓ (^)   !. )   . 9   ↓↓↓↓ (^)     !.  G     ↓↓↓↓ (^)   @ 0  !  ↓↓↓↓ )   @   &2.       .   (  )   . 9   )   .     )   . < !.  2 )       ↓↓↓↓ (^)     !.  G     ↓↓↓↓ (^)   @  &2.     .     

F B        @  + 7 =<” #

  

!  / 1 +’ /  !  +! ?  4     +   

1 5 #8+  /   +         7  #

!  +  +      .   +            / /   +

5 /+ 4         + 1      / 

 + +  +  + ?         /  + + / 

  %  +   + . #  %  1 +                   

     1  +       +  ! ?   1+         

9F>  +     ”.     + +! ?    9F:E#!   

1  / 1 51 +  H  +0    =A) + /+++ 

  + /   +    +  /      .  +

! ?  4         +    / .    + +5

+   . + /  +   #A&0  <=<(#



!     1 5 /  +  . 3   . /     +     

/  / +  /     .    +! ?   #  ”    .

.     ++  + 5 / 5   . + 1  .   

+       /  / +   +                 

       5 /  +   + /        +

  #,+  +  5. /  #’# 4    1   + A8 

.   +   +    5.   /  +     /1 

 . .2   +  /#!         + 

1 5  +       #A& 9: 9=9D99(



!   1 +  1 +     /    1+ ! + /+      5   

.       5  +    /       +! ?  4    

 /  +    #  8+            .. .  1+

.  / 2  ..        +    #    2 . +  / 6 

+ / 5       +   / .    /    

   .    +    +    + + +   -.      

.    +       /  + .   +  /   +

 #



   + 1          1 /   + 5 

1/          + #% +   

 + 11 +   /  + +      1++   

       +  #)     +/+  / 

 1 +  +        5 )    8 +4 @ 

% 5&5  ” 9.#9> .#9 ( 1  5.    + -. #8+ 

       .. .  3    .  + .. #



) / + 99 9<    +   .    1 5   +  

1 5 5#C  + ++    +  1.     //    + 

&5  ” 9.#9F-(  +  / /#,+   //  /

+   +/+ +      +    1 .     &   -.    +

     .. .    ( + 1  /       +/+ 

+ 5 / 5 #8+   +  +       / ..   1 + 

 1 #



E B        @  + 7 =<” #

       + / 1 5   +.      .  1+    

   /   + &   (  !  1   5  1  +  

        + /+   /  1 + +  # !     !  +

..  .    +   +! ?  4   +1  +  

1   +. 3  /  +  ..  1++       +

   + . 3 #)  +  +1 1 + /     

 +.#  ).        / / +  .   + . 3  +  ..     

    +   /  +. 3 #!1 .     

+ .       ! 1    .     +    + +      

+ 1  +. 3    +   +   +    +  

1+ +      +   .    #



”# ”  

C  +          + . 1  +2  1

.  1 +         /   1    +    2  

.  +     / 4    + #



,+ .  / +     ! +        1 + +    .   

  /  /1+  / / +  1+ +     / +1   

  +1 5 5   +      ++ #)  + .     

+  )      4     +  A8+   .       +

           +  5    +   / /. #A & 

9::=( +      ?   #  8+     . .  

          +     /  / +    / /  

 + /   #7    .   2  !1    +  / + + 

   / + .       / +  / 1

 .  1  +      /            

   +#) +1.  1  +      1     

 /       / + +     + /+  #  ’ 1 ! .   

 / +   +    +  3   /+    +       

  2   . .         +           1   

    1+    + +  #!   !  + !+   5 

+  .    +   +1+ . 3 1   1   

  +  3    / /# ’ 1 +       -  

      ..    +1 5 5      1 

  1 +  #!  1     +  +  / + . 5 /     . 

+   1        1 +      2  1+ +     . 5 

        +  1     1 +  / + 2 #8+

1 1           +  -.  .  1  .    +  / +

. 5  1+  +               / +     1   + 

   ///   /    +.    +        +   /

    /   + 5  + #  C  + + +  +   /     1

        / +  1+ +  / + . 5  +  /+  3  

.  .     + /  +     . 5    + .  / .     

 1+ +  + +   .     + #! 

+               +      . 

     + / / #



$   ”# ”   % 

: B        @  + 7 =<” #

8+   / .      1  /  + 1 5 +    + 1 5 5 

1 5        1 /  + + 5   / + -. #) + /+

+   ..   1+/  /   +   /  + 1 

 + +  + 1 5+   1   / ?  #,+  + 1

+  .   ?  1  51+ + 1/  

1  1    5A    A#!   + .   +

?      #  8+            /    1 5  +  -. 

1  2  / 1+  /   1 5 +  1  ?   - 2  

 .  #     + 1 5 +    +   1 5 5 +     +

   #  8+  1         1 + +   / .  +    

. 1   #, 5 + 1+    1 +

1  +   +  /  + /+  #



 +     + 1 5 5 1  3     5     /   +

.  !1    +  1+ +1 /  + 1 #8+?  

     /      1 +         # 8+      1 +

    +    3     ! ?  4       / + + /   

           #



                       ?      1 

   +    1   /+  +   +1 5 / 

+  / 1    +?  1++ +  +      1 

  + .   .+    1      . #



 +   1     +  1 5 5    +  #”  

+   /   +  +2    +     +1 5 5 

! +       / +   #  !       1   +  +    

 1 +   1 + +   /1+ +2  .  

+ +     + +  1 #@      

1++1.       +    + ! 

    #



8++        + 1 +    / .. +.   +

         +            

.     1 +    + +   +        + /

       2   +  5   +.     /

    5  .   +    +  #8+  + 

 + )   @  + . 3      C  >  B   #  8+

              .     + .   

.  #



8+    / +    A”1 ’ A 1 +   .+    +  5  

 .   1  +   / /    +  2.  1 + +  

  .       +  + .   /  .     +

 #  8+    +      +   . .  +  A”1

’ A    + / .. +#  ’ 1  +   + . /     

  +    +                      

   .  #8+         /+        1 

?       / + +      + / /  +    

+     /1    +    +   #8+     /  

< B        @  + 7 =<” #

+ / / + /  +    /  ?  +  /      

1     /#



  +   +    +  +     + /       

        + .+ 6      + ..      #   8+

.            +  +  /             

  +     1 ..       /  #  )       

.      .     1++ !      +    +

        /    #  8+       / + .   

+     !   +  + 2    /  +        .  

+.  +    +    /   + 1+  2.  1 

 +   1 5#8+ ?      1      +   

+      2 +    +     / + 1 +   

+ .  .     5        /      5/   #

 1+    +  1 5 51 3   1   

   /  4     # 2 . .+   1  +5 + + 

/     +1 5 51 +     +   1 #8+ 

1      2      +  1  #



       +1+ . 3 1     5 /   5 /.   

+ .            5 / + A,+ + +   + +    

 1 + +  .. + 1+ + +. 3  5    +   

       5 /A#8+  .   + +  1 .  

 +  2.  . +  ++.  / +     +

1    A/   A  A  1  5   A +   + 

A   /    1++      /A A!  !      + /+ +

      +1  !  3  +. A#C   D+  

  A + /+ +        1         1  / IA  

  /+    /   +  A! + 5!     / +

       3     /     /  1 1 4  5 + IA  C  

  1A!.3    /   1+ + 1 /    !

    + /+ +   1++1       5.  . 

 +  / A#  8+        / . #  8+   1+    1 

. 3  + 1        + D+.      /.  #

,+ +  B + &9::E(1      1 +4+/+.  41+ 

.                +     / B + 

.     .. +    D+      +   + #  A    

  + 5 +  +    1+   +  + 5 +  +    1+     /      #

,       +      /  .  / +    1 +  

+    +   /#     5 //       /

   +  . +    1 ? 5 1/    /#A&B + 

9::E= DF(,+ +     .    ! + 5 +  +    5 

 +  1    .           + 2.  

       .. + 1++ /     /.  #



8+        / + . 3    +  4 . .  +   

   2     +..  +    1/  +

..      + 5   1+  ++  #  /     /  1+ 

+   + 5    + 1+  +          

,  5A + 1        4  + /+ .    /   /A#

<9 B        @  + 7 =<” #

8+   + 5 / .    +.    +     +    

+ 1  +         + &% 9:E (#



 

   +   1 /           1 . ;   +4 

  5&5  ” 9(  1 5 5       / +&

 ” ( / &/9(           

1 5   2.     +J   5&    )   

 +4   55  ” 9(#8+  +4   51   

 +   +        +       #  8+  +4     5

   + . 3        +     1  #  8+ 1  

   1++     / .  1 + 2 .  

   <     ++   #8+ .  . 1   +

 +4   5   +   /         / 

+! ?  4        1   .. #  8+  +4     5

    1.      +   1 + +   +  

 + + # C  +  +4   5 1     + +    +   

 +  1 / 1 + . 51++  + +  #







/9=8+% / 



8+ . . .   / +   3   +      +. 3 1++1  

  .  1++ 4    /   1         

+     #  8+   1   +      +    +   +  

  +      +. 3 !.   /  ++     1 + +

 /+ .   1  1 . . #



< B        @  + 7 =<” #

%   +      + /         +      +   

     ?  .   3    +  . 3   +       

  +      +     /         # ”    3  + 1

   /   3   +    1+ + +  + 5 / 5  1  /

.    + /+ +.  .     +     #       

/  / + .    +   + 1     +          + . + 

   +   1  . +#



& 

)      ) &9::>(A 5 /+ + ..    +  A ’ %  &(    @  /.#9: -E

)  H +&9::<(      

B   @# %  A!    = + 1 + A   B   @# %  &(           ’ +   9:F<.#9>

% &9:E (A!.  /*   /8+ /+ +   /   =)   A      E.# <-E

% /# +%G  #&<(A          A  @ &(      7 #9<” #9.#E:-9E   !         #

 )   &9::(     !  ”B 0 7 /.#9

 #’#&9: 9(#    $ % 5 . 9: >

  +5&9::9(       / +’ /  

 B + &9::9(  %    & C.     

      &( ’ (       !             &    ( @  /

1  )##G, / ##0#&9::>()    &  (#8+  #

 5 #  H   , +    &9::E(        +@  /

0  H  +&<(),  )      . ’ /% 5 .#<

B + +  )#&9:EE(  1  .# -F

      %  /  &9: (A8+     ’    A ,#’#%    & ( / (    .#9 <-9F

  4 ”   &9:::(&   ’        .#E 

”B &9:EE(  %       .#F

@ / %   &9::(   ( C2     

.  0# # &9:E<( * / /    /= 8+      /#   .    + 9F +     /  8C* 8   ?    @#0# 8+ .  @# 0   &9:EE( %       +   /      #9>

,  5&9::>(A0   8 + /A  + ##0 @#G,+ @#& (&    0&           =8+  .#<

7  K  &( A7   / ’      1 + +  + A    1222              D      .#<-

7 K#&9(2   /. + 4  + 5 / + /+ +      B ”+ &()        *  %     2 ::-999

7/ 5 *## &9: (      *   &#’    0#7 5     (  /  =    ,     9# 8 +4 @ % 5  1   111#### D3D D8@%#. #   , 5 5       / +  /+  ’ /  ! ?  J   7  #

Share